Izinto Ezintsha Ezisebenzayo Ze-Ceramic (1)

Izinto zobumba ezenziwe kusetshenziswa imisebenzi ekhethekile yezitsha zobumba ezimpahleni ezibonakalayo ezinjengomsindo, ukukhanya, ugesi, uzibuthe, nokushisa zibizwa ngokuthi izitsha zobumba ezisebenzayo.Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-ceramics ezisebenzayo ezinokusetshenziswa okuhlukile.Isibonelo, izinto zikagesi ezifana ne-conductive ceramics, semiconductor ceramics, dielectric ceramics, insulating ceramics zingenziwa ngokuhambisana nomehluko wezakhiwo zikagesi ze-ceramics, ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-capacitor, ama-resistors, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye namadivayisi aphezulu-frequency endaweni. imboni kagesi, ama-transformer nezinye izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi.

I-Semiconductor Ceramics

I-Semiconductor ceramics ibhekisela ezintweni ze-poly crystalline ceramic ezakhiwe ubuchwepheshe be-ceramic, enezici ze-semiconductor kanye nokuhamba kukagesi okungaba ngu-10-6 ~ 105S/m.I-conductivity ye-semiconductor ceramics ishintsha kakhulu ngenxa yezinguquko ezimweni zangaphandle (izinga lokushisa, ukukhanya, insimu kagesi, umkhathi kanye nezinga lokushisa, njll.), ngakho-ke inani elibonakalayo eliguqukayo endaweni yangaphandle lingaguqulwa libe amasignali kagesi ukwenza izingxenye ezibucayi ezihlukahlukene. izinjongo.

I-Magnetic Ceramic material

I-ceramics yamagnetic ibizwa nangokuthi izikebhe.Lezi zinto zibhekisela ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe ze-oxide kazibuthe ezakhiwe ama-ion ensimbi, ama-ion oksijini namanye ama-ion ensimbi, futhi kukhona ama-oxides kazibuthe ambalwa angenayo insimbi.Izikebhe ngokuvamile zingama-semiconductors, futhi ukumelana kwazo kuphakeme kakhulu kunokwezinto ezivamile kazibuthe zensimbi, futhi zinenzuzo yokulahlekelwa okuncane kwe-eddy yamanje.Emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe befrikhwensi ephezulu kanye ne-microwave, njengobuchwepheshe be-radar, ubuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana, ubuchwepheshe basemkhathini, ikhompyutha ye-elekthronikhi nokunye, sekusetshenziswe kabanzi.

Ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-ceramics ye-superconducting

I-Superconducting oxide ceramics enezinga lokushisa eliphakeme elibucayi.Ukushisa kwayo okubalulekile kwe-superconducting kungaphezu kwesifunda sokushisa kwe-helium ye-liquid, futhi isakhiwo se-crystal sivela esakhiweni se-Dnepropetrovsk.Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme le-ceramics le-superconducting linamazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu kunezinsimbi.Selokhu kwaba nenqubekelaphambili enkulu ocwaningweni lwezitsha zobumba ezinkulu ngeminyaka yawo-1980, ucwaningo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto zobumba ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezishisa izikhotha kudonse ukunaka okukhulu.Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-superconducting kuyathuthukela ekusetshenzisweni kwamanje, izinhlelo zikagesi, kanye ne-diamagnetism.

I-Ceramics yokuvikela

Kwaziwa nangokuthi i-ceramics yedivayisi.Isetshenziswa njengama-insulators ahlukahlukene, izingxenye zesakhiwo ezivikelayo, ukushintshwa kwebhendi kanye nabakaki abasekela i-capacitor, amagobolondo okupakisha ingxenye ye-elekthronikhi, ama-substrates wesifunda ahlanganisiwe namagobolondo okupakisha, njll. I-ceramics evikelayo inezici zokuphikiswa kwevolumu ephezulu, i-coefficient ephansi ye-dielectric, isici sokulahlekelwa okuncane, amandla aphezulu e-dielectric, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini.